:root {
        /*Colours*/
        --text-primary: black;
        --text-secondary: white;
        --text-thirdly: #5186cd;
        --background-primary: white;
        --background-secondary: #5186cd;
        --text-error: red;
        --border-colour: var(--text-primary);

        /*Typography*/
        --font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
        --font-size-base: 1rem;
        --font-size-md: 1.25rem;
        --font-size-large: 4rem;
        --font-size-xl: 6rem;

        /*Spacing*/
        --spacing-sm: 0.5rem;
        --spacing-base: 1rem;
        --spacing-lg: 2rem;
        --spacing-xl: 3rem;
        --spacing-4xl: 4rem;

        /*Border properties*/
        --border-radius: 8px;
        --border-radius-small: 2px;
        --shadow: var(--border-radius-small) var(--border-radius-small) 1px
          0.5px var(--text-primary);
      }
      /* Page properties */
      body {
        margin: 0;
        padding: 0;
        font-family: var(--font-family);
        background-color: var(--background-primary);
        color: var(--text-primary);
        line-height: 1.6;
      }
      p{
        margin-top: 0;
      }
      img {
        max-width: 100%;
        height: auto;
        display: block;
      }
      textarea {
        resize: none;
      }
      /* Button Components */
      .btn {
        padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em;
        border: 2px solid var(--text-primary);
        border-radius: var(--border-radius);
        font-size: 16px;
        cursor: pointer;
        transition: all ease-in-out 0.2s;
        font-family: var(--font-family);
        background-color: var(--background-secondary);
        color: var(--text-primary);
        box-shadow: var(--shadow);
        text-decoration: none;
      }

      .btn a {
        display: flex;
        justify-content: center;
        align-items: center;
        font-weight: 600;
      }

      /* Page grid */
      .site {
        display: grid;
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        grid-template-rows: auto auto auto auto auto auto;
        grid-template-areas:
          "menu"
          "title"
          "profile"
          "tiles"
          "contact"
          "footer";
        min-height: 100vh;
        max-width: 1400px;
        margin: 0 auto;
        padding: 0 var(--spacing-base);
        gap: var(--spacing-lg);
      }
      .menu {
        display: grid;
        grid-template-columns: 6fr repeat(3, 1fr);
        min-height: 5vh;
        align-items: baseline;
        justify-items: right;
        grid-template-areas: "menu-left aboutMe work contact-menu";
        padding-top: var(--spacing-base);
        font-size: var(--font-size-md);
      }
      .menu-item {
        max-width: fit-content;
        padding: var(--spacing-base);
      }
      .menu-item a {
        color: var(--text-primary);
        text-decoration: none;
      }

      .menu-item a:hover {
        color: var(--text-secondary);
        text-decoration: none;
      }

      .menu-item:hover {
        background-color: var(--background-secondary);
      }

      .menu-left {
        grid-area: menu-left;
      }

      .aboutMe {
        grid-area: aboutMe;
      }

      .work {
        grid-area: work;
        position: relative;
        display: inline-block;
      }

      .work:hover{
        color: var(--text-secondary);
      }

      .dropdown-content {
        display: none;
        position: absolute;
        background-color: var(--background-primary);
        min-width: 160px;
        box-shadow: var(--shadow);
        padding: 0;
        z-index: 1;
        top: 100%;
        left: -0.5px;
      }

      .work:hover .dropdown-content {
        display: block;
        color:var(--text-secondary);
      }

      .dropdown-content ul{
        list-style-type: none;
      }

      ul, li{
        margin:0;
        padding:0;
      }


      .dropdown-content li:hover{
        background-color: var(--background-secondary);
        color: var(--text-secondary)
      }
      .contact-menu {
        grid-area: contact-menu;
      }

      .title {
        width: 100%;
        will-change: transform, box-shadow;
      }

      /* Preload critical images */
      .title picture::before {
        content: "";
        display: block;
        background: linear-gradient(
          90deg,
          #f0f0f0 25%,
          transparent 50%,
          #f0f0f0 75%
        );
        background-size: 200% 100%;
        animation: loading 1.5s infinite;
      }

      @keyframes loading {
        0% {
          background-position: 200% 0;
        }
        100% {
          background-position: -200% 0;
        }
      }

      .profile {
        display: grid;
        grid-template-areas: "profile-pic about-me";
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
        width: 100%;
      }

      .profile-pic {
        grid-area: profile-pic;
        justify-self: right;
      }

      .about-me {
        grid-area: about-me;
        margin-left: var(--spacing-base);
        margin-right: 40%;
        justify-self: left;
      }
      .about-me h1 {
        font-family: var(--font-family);
        font-size: var(--font-size-large);
        color: var(--text-primary);
        margin: 0 0 var(--spacing-base) 0;
      }

      .tiles {
        display: grid;
        grid-template-areas:
          "teaching writing"
          "tech blog";
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
        grid-template-rows: 1fr 1fr;
        width: 100%;
      }
      .tile {
        max-width: fit-content;
      }
      .tile img {
        transition: opacity 0.2s;
      }

      .tile:hover img {
        opacity: 0;
      }

      #tech {
        grid-area: tech;
        background: url("../images/tiles/tech-image.jpg");
        justify-self: right;
        background-repeat: no-repeat;
        background-position: center;
        background-size: cover;
      }

      #teaching {
        grid-area: teaching;
        background: url("../images/tiles/teaching-image.jpg");
        justify-self: right;
        background-repeat: no-repeat;
        background-position: center;
        background-size: cover;
      }

      #writing {
        grid-area: writing;
        justify-self: left;
        background: url("../images/tiles/writing-image.jpg");
        background-repeat: no-repeat;
        background-position: center;
        background-size: cover;
      }

      #blog {
        grid-area: blog;
        max-width: fit-content;
        background: url("../images/tiles/blog-image.jpg");
        justify-self: left;
        background-repeat: no-repeat;
        background-position: center;
        background-size: cover;
      }

      .contact {
        background-color: var(--background-secondary);
        display: grid;
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        grid-template-rows: 2fr 8fr;
        grid-template-areas:
          "contact-title"
          "contact-form";
        gap: var(--spacing-lg);
        padding: var(--spacing-xl);
        box-shadow: var(--shadow);
        max-width: 1300px;
      }
      .contact-title {
        grid-area: contact-title;
        color: var(--text-secondary);
        font-size: var(--font-size-large);
        text-align: left;
        margin: 0 8rem;
        text-shadow: 1px 1px 3px #000000;
      }

      .contact-form {
        grid-area: contact-form;
        background-color: var(--background-secondary);
        padding: var(--spacing-lg);
        border-radius: var(--border-radius);
        justify-self: left;
        margin: 0 4rem;
        max-width: 1300px;
        min-width: 80%;
      }

      .contact-form form {
        display: grid;
        grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
        gap: 15px;
        justify-items: left;
        align-items: center;
      }

      .contact-form label {
        display: block;
        font-weight: 600;
        font-size: var(--font-size-base);
        text-align: left;
        justify-self: end;
      }

      .contact-form textarea {
        min-height: 120px;
        resize: vertical;
        max-height: 100%;
      }

      .input-container {
        width: 100%;
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
      }

      .input-container input,
      textarea {
        border: 2px solid var(--text-primary);
        border-radius: var(--border-radius);
        background-color: var(--background-primary);
        padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-base) var(--spacing-sm)
          var(--spacing-sm);
        margin-bottom: 0.5em;
        width: 100%;
        box-shadow: var(--shadow);
      }

      .input-container .err-msg {
        margin-top: 0.25rem;
        font-size: 0.85rem;
      }

      .contact-form input {
        display: block;
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 100%;
        min-width: 0;
      }

      .contact-form button {
        grid-column: 2;
        justify-self: left;
        background-color: var(--background-primary);
      }

      .footer {
        grid-area: footer;
        text-align: center;
        padding: var(--spacing-lg) 0;
        font-weight: 600;
        color: var(--text-thirdly);
        border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
      }